Fair Value Gaps are, besides stop runs and Orderblocks, one of the most known concepts in Retail Trading. Many fail to use them correctly by putting too much focus on each individual Candle or Gap that looks like a Fair Value Gap.
By doing that, they often ignore the context of the general chart and the Higher Time Frame. I personally make use of them daily, but only in context with other patterns and price levels, the HTF bias.
Since there's no "right" way to trade and to use them effectively it's a bit of an art to learn how and when to use them, but if you know what to look for and how other traders are using them in a way that helps them maximize their wins and minimize their losses, you'll get a grasp of how you can use them yourself in your trading and your individual trading setup much quicker.
What are Fair Value Gaps?
Fair Value Gaps are imbalances in price where one side of price action (long or short) has been delivered predominantly compared to the other one. To see them, you have to view your price chart in candlesticks.
Here's how they look like:
So the basic definition of a FVG is a candle that has a wick to the left moving into its body's range and another candle's wick to the right that also moves into the body's range but not as far down as the high of the wick 2 candles prior.
Their importance varies depending on the chart. So if you look at all the ICT Traders you can find on Social Media, you'll notice that not only Michael, but also pretty much all his followers stay away from stocks and other assets that have such unclean price action.
Most concepts do work in these kinds of environment, but you'll have to strongly rely on your understanding of the overall price action, as there are a lot of gaps of all kinds. This is because the liquidity and volume are not as high as in Indices, Forex or Crypto, for example, where you have very clean price action with fewer gaps and fewer irregularities.
If you for example compare these two example, you'll see what I mean:
The first one is AAPL (Apple Inc.), with $3.593 Billion, the biggest stock in the world at the time of writing this article.
The price action has a lot of Gaps and irregularities, even tough this is a Daily Chart where volume is not a problem.
The second one is Bitcoin/USD. See how the Price Action is way cleaner compared to the first chart.
Here you have fewer, smaller Gaps and thus a more predictable chart, especially in the smaller timeframes. You could do some scalping in Bitcoin, Indices (CFDs or Futures) & Majors in Forex any day of the week.
Not so much in Apple Stock, look through the smaller timeframes, and you'll know what I mean. The smaller the volume for the selected ticker, the more this "problem" becomes apparent.
Trend Continuation
Let's continue with the chart I shared in my idea about Stop Runs: The 2023 Bitcoin Bull Run
There I explained that by using Stop Runs, one could get into an existing trend by trading in the direction of the trend when price is in a correction and moves below old lows/above old highs.
By looking at the Weekly Bitcoin Chart, we can observe that pattern 3 times in 2023/2024.
I've highlighted the Sellside Liquidity (SSL) in Red, the subsequent price move lower represents the Stop Run.
The Weekly FVG is highlighted in turquoise
You'll also find the 50% level highlighted, this becomes important later, when looking for a higher probability of price moving into that direction as we always want to see a part of the Gap stay open and not close below the 50% level.
If price overshoots the 50% level and maybe the whole gap and has its candle close below the 50% level (in an uptrend) this is an indication that the trend might not be as strong anymore, and we should be careful with or risk management.
Combination with other Strategies and Price Patterns
Generally, it's a good idea to never use a concept as your single reason for entering a trade. It's all about context and the higher time frame. As shown above, you can combine FVG very well with Stop Runs or Orderblocks for example.
But there are other methods too. For example, entering a Low Risk Trade.
If you've been listening to ICT for some time, you'll likely have heard about MMBM/MMSM (Market Maker Buy/Sell Model) which kind of looks like this ⬇️
That 2 "Trendline" at the Smart Money Reversal is representing a FVG after leaving the consolidation. In an ideal scenario for me, the third low in that gray box would've taken some stops, and I'd be aiming for stops above the original Consolidation or a Higher Time Frame Target.
If the Smart Money Reversal has taken place at an Orderblock of a higher TF or another Zone where we'd expect price to move away from, there's little speaking against taking a Long and aiming for higher prices. Thus, this would be considered a "Low Risk Buy"
Entry Level & Stop Placement
The Entry Level, again, depends on the context. If price has taken stops right before, and we're at a time of the day, where we'd expect some volatility to enter the market and thus an expansion, the Entry Level can be at the top of the FVG (in case of a Long) or in case you really want a great entry also the 50% level. However, it might not get to that level if price really starts expanding rapidly.
Stop can be below the FVG +1 Point/Pip or below the low that formed before the FVG was created. This precision part really is for scalpers and not investors or swing traders, as they have to incorporate larger price range for price to find its reversal if they're not constantly in front of the computer and find their entry in really low Time Frames.
Usually this can be observed when the chart creates the FVG and comes back down into it within less than 10 candles. If it takes longer and there's a consolidation after the FVG, then it's usually in combination with a stop run below the equal lows, into the FVG and then the expansion happens.
If there are news that could have a bigger impact and bring decent volatility into the market, then of course the stop would have to be adjusted as price can overshoot the FVG. Still, price should not close below the 50% level, as this would decrease the probability of price moving into the desired direction.
There are other kinds of Gaps like the Breakaway, Runaway & Exhaustion Gaps, but I'll save these for another Post.
If you have any questions, please let me know in the comments :)
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